Benito Mussolini

Italian politician and journalist, originally a philo-anarchist socialist, who later led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being the key figure in the creation of Fascism. He became the Prime Minister of Italy since the Fascist coup d'état and began using the title il Duce by 1925 until his deposition in 1943; for a short period before his execution in 1945 Mussolini was the leader of the Italian Social Republic during the Italian Civil War.