Medical Imaging Signals And Systems
Medical Imaging Signals And Systems
Overview
This book has developed over the past 14 years, during which time we have taught a course on medical imaging systems at Johns Hopkins University. This course started out as a survey course, and then evolved according to our mutual interests and inclinations into a course that emphasizes thesignals and systemsaspects—or more precisely, the signal processing aspects—of medical imaging.With signal processing as the fundamental viewpoint, this book covers the most importantimaging modalitiesin radiology: projection radiography, x-ray computed tomography, nuclear medicine, ultrasound imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging. The authors expect the reader to be familiar with signals and systems, which are usually covered in the sophomore year of most engineering curricula, and with elementary probability. Freshman courses in physics, chemistry, and calculus are also assumed.The book is organized into parts emphasizing key overall conceptual divisions, as follows. Part I introduces basic imaging principles, including an introduction to medical imaging systems in Chapter 1, a review of signal processing in Chapter 2 (with emphasis on two-dimensional signals), and a discussion of image quality in Chapter 3. Our presentation of the theory of medical imaging systems is strongly based on continuous signals; however, a development of discrete signals is included to permit discussions on sampling and implementation. Issues of image quality, including resolution, noise, contrast, geometric distortion, and artifacts are described in general context here, but revisited within each modality in subsequent chapters.Part II describes key modalities in radiographic imaging. It begins in Chapter 4 with a brief presentation of the physics of radiography, including the generation and detection of ionizing radiation and its effect on the human body. Chapter 5 describes projection radiography systems, including chest x-ray and fluoroscopy systems. As in all subsequent chapters, coverage focuses on signals, including only enough physics and biology to motivate the modality and provide a model for the analysis. Chapter 5 also presents the mathematics of projection imaging, a very fundamental idea in medical imaging. Chapters 6 covers x-ray computed tomography, expanding on the instrumentation and mathematics ofprojection imagingand introducing the concept of image reconstruction in medical imaging. Computed tomography produces truetomograms(images of cross sections of the body) rather than projections of the body.Part IV presents the physics and modalities of nuclear medicine imaging. Chapter 7 describes the physics of nuclear medicine, focusing primarily on the concept of radioactivity. The major modalities in nuclear medicine imaging are described in Chapter 8, which covers planar scintigraphy, and Chapter 9, which covers emission computed tomography.Part IV covers ultrasound imaging. It begins in Chapter 10 with a brief presentation of the physics of sound, and continues in Chapter 11 with the various imaging modes offered within this rich modality. Part V covers magnetic resonance imaging. Chapter 11 presents the physics of nuclear magnetic resonance, and Chapter 12 continues with a presentation of various magnetic resonance imaging techniques.We have used drafts of this book for a one-semester upper-level/graduate course on medical imaging systems. In order to cover the material in one semester, we routinely skip some material in the book and we move at a very brisk pace. We feel that this book could be used in a two-semester course as well, perhaps by covering Parts I-III in the first semester and Parts IV-V in the second semester. A two-semester approach would allow instructors to use supplementary materials for additional depth or to present current research topics.Medical imaging is very visual—just ask any radiologist. Although the formalism of signals and systems is mathematical, we understand the advantages offered through visualization. Therefore, the book contains many images and diagrams. Some are strictly pedagogical, offered in conjunction with the exposition or an example problem. Others are motivational, 'revealing interesting features for discussion or study. Special emphasis is made to provide biologically relevant examples including images, so that the important context of medical imaging can be appreciated by students.Many students, friends, colleagues, and teaching assistants contributed to this book through discussions and critiques. Xiao Han, Li Pan, and Vijay Parthasarathy contributed problems and solutions, and Aaron Carass fixed many LaTeX and CVS problems. A special note of appreciation is due to Xiaodong Tao, who created and solved many of the examples and problems. We would also like to thank Rama Chellappa, Brian Caffo, and Sarah Ying, who provided comments and suggestions on several parts of the book. We also thank William R. Brody, who inspired the creation of the course out of which this book grew and who also wrote one of the chapters in our original course notes. Finally, we convey special thanks to Elliot R. McVeigh and John I. Goutsias, who co-taught our course at Hopkins during the early years and helped draft the original version of this book.JERRY L. PRINCEJONATHAN M. LINKSDescription
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Depending on where you live, the time it may take for your exchanged product to reach you, may vary.
If you are shipping an item over $75, you should consider using a trackable shipping service or purchasing shipping insurance. We don’t guarantee that we will receive your returned item.
Overview
This book has developed over the past 14 years, during which time we have taught a course on medical imaging systems at Johns Hopkins University. This course started out as a survey course, and then evolved according to our mutual interests and inclinations into a course that emphasizes thesignals and systemsaspects—or more precisely, the signal processing aspects—of medical imaging.With signal processing as the fundamental viewpoint, this book covers the most importantimaging modalitiesin radiology: projection radiography, x-ray computed tomography, nuclear medicine, ultrasound imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging. The authors expect the reader to be familiar with signals and systems, which are usually covered in the sophomore year of most engineering curricula, and with elementary probability. Freshman courses in physics, chemistry, and calculus are also assumed.The book is organized into parts emphasizing key overall conceptual divisions, as follows. Part I introduces basic imaging principles, including an introduction to medical imaging systems in Chapter 1, a review of signal processing in Chapter 2 (with emphasis on two-dimensional signals), and a discussion of image quality in Chapter 3. Our presentation of the theory of medical imaging systems is strongly based on continuous signals; however, a development of discrete signals is included to permit discussions on sampling and implementation. Issues of image quality, including resolution, noise, contrast, geometric distortion, and artifacts are described in general context here, but revisited within each modality in subsequent chapters.Part II describes key modalities in radiographic imaging. It begins in Chapter 4 with a brief presentation of the physics of radiography, including the generation and detection of ionizing radiation and its effect on the human body. Chapter 5 describes projection radiography systems, including chest x-ray and fluoroscopy systems. As in all subsequent chapters, coverage focuses on signals, including only enough physics and biology to motivate the modality and provide a model for the analysis. Chapter 5 also presents the mathematics of projection imaging, a very fundamental idea in medical imaging. Chapters 6 covers x-ray computed tomography, expanding on the instrumentation and mathematics ofprojection imagingand introducing the concept of image reconstruction in medical imaging. Computed tomography produces truetomograms(images of cross sections of the body) rather than projections of the body.Part IV presents the physics and modalities of nuclear medicine imaging. Chapter 7 describes the physics of nuclear medicine, focusing primarily on the concept of radioactivity. The major modalities in nuclear medicine imaging are described in Chapter 8, which covers planar scintigraphy, and Chapter 9, which covers emission computed tomography.Part IV covers ultrasound imaging. It begins in Chapter 10 with a brief presentation of the physics of sound, and continues in Chapter 11 with the various imaging modes offered within this rich modality. Part V covers magnetic resonance imaging. Chapter 11 presents the physics of nuclear magnetic resonance, and Chapter 12 continues with a presentation of various magnetic resonance imaging techniques.We have used drafts of this book for a one-semester upper-level/graduate course on medical imaging systems. In order to cover the material in one semester, we routinely skip some material in the book and we move at a very brisk pace. We feel that this book could be used in a two-semester course as well, perhaps by covering Parts I-III in the first semester and Parts IV-V in the second semester. A two-semester approach would allow instructors to use supplementary materials for additional depth or to present current research topics.Medical imaging is very visual—just ask any radiologist. Although the formalism of signals and systems is mathematical, we understand the advantages offered through visualization. Therefore, the book contains many images and diagrams. Some are strictly pedagogical, offered in conjunction with the exposition or an example problem. Others are motivational, 'revealing interesting features for discussion or study. Special emphasis is made to provide biologically relevant examples including images, so that the important context of medical imaging can be appreciated by students.Many students, friends, colleagues, and teaching assistants contributed to this book through discussions and critiques. Xiao Han, Li Pan, and Vijay Parthasarathy contributed problems and solutions, and Aaron Carass fixed many LaTeX and CVS problems. A special note of appreciation is due to Xiaodong Tao, who created and solved many of the examples and problems. We would also like to thank Rama Chellappa, Brian Caffo, and Sarah Ying, who provided comments and suggestions on several parts of the book. We also thank William R. Brody, who inspired the creation of the course out of which this book grew and who also wrote one of the chapters in our original course notes. Finally, we convey special thanks to Elliot R. McVeigh and John I. Goutsias, who co-taught our course at Hopkins during the early years and helped draft the original version of this book.JERRY L. PRINCEJONATHAN M. LINKSDescription
Condition Guidelines
Books - New and Used
The following guidelines apply to books:
- New: A brand-new copy with cover and original protective wrapping intact. Books with markings of any kind on the cover or pages, books marked as "Bargain" or "Remainder," or with any other labels attached, may not be listed as New condition.
- Used - Good: All pages and cover are intact (including the dust cover, if applicable). Spine may show signs of wear. Pages may include limited notes and highlighting. May include "From the library of" labels. Shrink wrap, dust covers, or boxed set case may be missing. Item may be missing bundled media.
- Used - Acceptable: All pages and the cover are intact, but shrink wrap, dust covers, or boxed set case may be missing. Pages may include limited notes, highlighting, or minor water damage but the text is readable. Item may but the dust cover may be missing. Pages may include limited notes and highlighting, but the text cannot be obscured or unreadable.
Note: Some electronic material access codes are valid only for one user. For this reason, used books, including books listed in the Used – Like New condition, may not come with functional electronic material access codes.
Shipping & Delivery
Shipping Fees
- Stevens Books offers FREE SHIPPING everywhere in the United States for ALL non-book orders, and $3.99 for each book.
- Packages are shipped from Monday to Friday.
- No additional fees and charges.
Delivery Times
The usual time for processing an order is 24 hours (1 business day), but may vary depending on the availability of products ordered. This period excludes delivery times, which depend on your geographic location.
Estimated delivery times:
- Standard Shipping: 5-8 business days
- Expedited Shipping: 3-5 business days
Shipping method varies depending on what is being shipped.
Tracking
All orders are shipped with a tracking number. Once your order has left our warehouse, a confirmation e-mail with a tracking number will be sent to you. You will be able to track your package at all times.
Damaged Parcel
If your package has been delivered in a PO Box, please note that we are not responsible for any damage that may result (consequences of extreme temperatures, theft, etc.).
If you have any questions regarding shipping or want to know about the status of an order, please contact us or email to support@stevensbooks.com.
Returns & Refunds
You may return most items within 30 days of delivery for a full refund.
To be eligible for a return, your item must be unused and in the same condition that you received it. It must also be in the original packaging.
Several types of goods are exempt from being returned. Perishable goods such as food, flowers, newspapers or magazines cannot be returned. We also do not accept products that are intimate or sanitary goods, hazardous materials, or flammable liquids or gases.
Additional non-returnable items:
- Gift cards
- Downloadable software products
- Some health and personal care items
To complete your return, we require a tracking number, which shows the items which you already returned to us.
There are certain situations where only partial refunds are granted (if applicable)
- Book with obvious signs of use
- CD, DVD, VHS tape, software, video game, cassette tape, or vinyl record that has been opened
- Any item not in its original condition, is damaged or missing parts for reasons not due to our error
- Any item that is returned more than 30 days after delivery
Items returned to us as a result of our error will receive a full refund,some returns may be subject to a restocking fee of 7% of the total item price, please contact a customer care team member to see if your return is subject. Returns that arrived on time and were as described are subject to a restocking fee.
Items returned to us that were not the result of our error, including items returned to us due to an invalid or incomplete address, will be refunded the original item price less our standard restocking fees.
If the item is returned to us for any of the following reasons, a 15% restocking fee will be applied to your refund total and you will be asked to pay for return shipping:
- Item(s) no longer needed or wanted.
- Item(s) returned to us due to an invalid or incomplete address.
- Item(s) returned to us that were not a result of our error.
You should expect to receive your refund within four weeks of giving your package to the return shipper, however, in many cases you will receive a refund more quickly. This time period includes the transit time for us to receive your return from the shipper (5 to 10 business days), the time it takes us to process your return once we receive it (3 to 5 business days), and the time it takes your bank to process our refund request (5 to 10 business days).
If you need to return an item, please Contact Us with your order number and details about the product you would like to return. We will respond quickly with instructions for how to return items from your order.
Shipping Cost
We'll pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.). In other cases, you will be responsible for paying for your own shipping costs for returning your item. Shipping costs are non-refundable. If you receive a refund, the cost of return shipping will be deducted from your refund.
Depending on where you live, the time it may take for your exchanged product to reach you, may vary.
If you are shipping an item over $75, you should consider using a trackable shipping service or purchasing shipping insurance. We don’t guarantee that we will receive your returned item.
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